Ozimitsa moto ndi oteteza miyoyo ya anthu ndi katundu, pomwe magalimoto ozimitsa moto ndi zida zazikulu zomwe ozimitsa moto amadalira pothana ndi moto ndi masoka ena.Galimoto yoyamba yamoto yoyaka mkati mwa dziko lapansi (injini yoyaka mkati imayendetsa galimoto ndi pampu yamoto) inapangidwa ku Germany mu 1910, ndipo galimoto yoyamba yamoto ya dziko langa inapangidwa mu 1932 ndi Shanghai Aurora Machinery Iron Factory.Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa New China, chipanicho ndi boma zinagwirizana kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha chitetezo cha moto.Mu 1965, kale Fire dipatimenti ya Utumiki wa Public Security (tsopano Emergency Management Department Fire Rescue Bureau) anakonza Shanghai Fire Equipment Factory, Changchun Fire Equipment Factory ndi Aurora Fire Machinery Factory.Opanga magalimoto pamodzi adapanga ndi kupanga galimoto yoyamba yozimitsa moto ku New China, galimoto yamoto yamadzi ya CG13, ku Shanghai, ndipo inakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo mu 1967. yapangidwanso mofulumira kwambiri, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto oyaka moto monga kukweza magalimoto oyaka moto ndi magalimoto opulumutsira mwadzidzidzi awonekera.
Galimoto yoyamba yozimitsa moto ku China (chitsanzo cha China Fire Museum)
Ubwino wa magalimoto oyaka moto umagwirizana mwachindunji ndi mphamvu yakuzimitsa motondi magulu opulumutsa pochita ntchito zozimitsa moto ndi zopulumutsa, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji chitetezo cha miyoyo ya anthu ndi katundu.Choncho, kukonzanso miyezo yake ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kupambana kwamagulu ozimitsa moto ndi opulumutsa.Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti magalimoto oyaka moto akugwira ntchito ndi kudalirika, mu 1987, Mtsogoleri Li Enxiang wa Shanghai Fire Science Research Institute ya Unduna wa Zachitetezo cha Anthu (yomwe tsopano ndi Shanghai Fire Research Institute of the Emergency Management Department, yomwe imatchedwanso " Shangxiao Institute”) anatsogolera kupangidwa kwa galimoto yoyamba yozimitsa moto m’dziko langa.Mulingo wovomerezeka wapadziko lonse lapansi "Zofunikira pakuchita kwagalimoto yamoto ndi njira zoyesera" (GB 7956-87).Mtundu wa 87 wamtundu wamoto wamoto umangoyang'ana kwambiri pakuwunika momwe magalimoto amagwirira ntchito komanso kudalirika, monga kuthamanga kwagalimoto, kuthamanga kwa pampu yamadzi, kukweza nthawi yagalimoto yonyamula, ndi zina zambiri, makamaka pakugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa mpope wamoto, nthawi yopitilira ntchito, ndi zina zambiri. Kafukufuku wambiri woyeserera ndi kutsimikizira kwachitika, ndipo zinthu zoyeserera za hydraulic performance test ndi njira zoyesera zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka pano.Kupanga ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mulingo uwu kunathandizira kwambiri kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a hydraulic ndi kuthekera kozimitsa moto kwa magalimoto ozimitsa moto panthawiyo.
Mu 1998, kope loyamba lokonzedwanso la GB 7956 "Zofunikira Zogwirira Ntchito ndi Njira Zoyesera za Magalimoto Oyaka Moto" linatulutsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito.Kutengera mtundu wa 87 wa muyezo, mtunduwu umaphatikiza mikhalidwe yapadziko lonse lapansi yopanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto oyaka moto ndi miyezo yoyenera ndi malamulo amagalimoto omwe ayenera kutsatiridwa.Ikuwonjezeranso ntchito zozimitsa moto komanso kuyesa kudalirika kwa magalimoto ozimitsa moto, ndikuwunikiranso magwiridwe antchito agalimoto zozimitsa moto Zofunikira ndi njira zoyeserera zathandizira kusinthika kwa kasinthidwe ka magalimoto ozimitsa moto.Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wa 98 wamtundu wagalimoto yozimitsa moto umalandira lingaliro lachidziwitso chamtundu wa 87, makamaka ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito agalimoto yozimitsa moto.
Ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha malonda a magalimoto a dziko langa, zozimitsa moto ndi luso lopulumutsa anthu, komanso kuwonjezereka kwa ntchito zamagulu ozimitsa moto ndi opulumutsa, mitundu ya magalimoto oyaka moto yakhala yosiyana kwambiri.Mitundu yonse ya zipangizo zatsopano, matekinoloje atsopano, zipangizo zatsopano, ndi njira zatsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka Zofunikira pa chitetezo ndi umunthu wa kugwiritsira ntchito magalimoto oyaka moto zikuwonjezeka nthawi zonse, ndipo mtundu wa 98 wa galimoto yozimitsa moto pang'onopang'ono sungathe. kukwaniritsa zosowa za chitukuko cha katundu wa magalimoto oyaka moto.Kuti mugwirizane ndi zosowa zazomwe zikuchitika, kulinganiza msika wamagalimoto ozimitsa moto, ndikuwongolera chitukuko chaukadaulo wazogulitsa zamagalimoto oyaka moto, National Standardization Management Committee idapereka ntchito yokonzanso mulingo wagalimoto yamoto ya GB 7956 ku Shanghai Consumer Consumers Institute. mu 2006. Mu 2009, muyezo wadziko lonse wa GB 7956 "Fire Truck" unatumizidwa kuti awunikenso.Mu 2010, omwe kale anali a Fire Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security (omwe tsopano ndi Fire Rescue Bureau of the Ministry of Emergency Management) adawona kuti magalimoto ochulukirapo omwe adaphatikizidwa mulingowo sangakhale othandiza pakukhazikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito muyezowo, ndipo adaganiza. kugawa muyeso m'zigawo zing'onozing'ono zogwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto oyaka moto, kupanga GB Yovomerezeka yamtundu wamtundu wa 7956 yamoto wamoto.Kukonzekera kwa mndandanda wonse wa miyezo ya magalimoto amoto kunatsogoleredwa ndi Mtsogoleri Fan Hua, Wofufuza Wan Ming, ndi Wothandizira Wofufuza Jiang Xudong wa Shanghai Consumer Institute.Zimaphatikizapo zigawo za 24 (zomwe 12 zaperekedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito, 6 yatumizidwa kuti ivomerezedwe, ndipo kutumizidwa kuti awonedwe kwatha. 6), yomwe imafotokoza zofunikira zonse zaumisiri pazogulitsa zamagalimoto oyaka moto, komanso zenizeni. zofunikira zaukadaulo zamitundu 37 yazinthu zamagalimoto ozimitsa moto m'magulu anayi, kuphatikiza kuzimitsa moto, kukweza, ntchito yapadera, ndi chitetezo.
Msonkhano Wokhazikika wa GB7956.1-2014
Magalimoto oyaka moto a GB 7956 omwe angopangidwa kumene kumayiko onse kwa nthawi yoyamba amapanga dongosolo lathunthu lagalimoto zozimitsa moto ku China.Magawo aukadaulo amaphatikiza magawo osiyanasiyana a mapangidwe, kupanga, kuyang'anira, kuvomereza, ndi kukonza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto oyaka moto.Zomwe zili mwatsatanetsatane ndipo zizindikiro ndizoyenera., Pafupi kwambiri ndi moto weniweni wozimitsa moto, kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu, komanso kumagwirizana ndi magalimoto amakono a China, malamulo oyendetsera kayendetsedwe kazinthu zotetezera moto, ndi malamulo ovomerezeka a galimoto yamoto ndi malamulo ena ndi miyezo.Zakhala zikuthandiza kwambiri kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha makampani oyendetsa magalimoto ku China komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo..Pokonzekera mndandanda wa miyezo, zochitika zapamwamba za opanga magalimoto oyaka moto apakhomo ndi akunja zatchulidwa.Zambiri mwazinthu zamakono zimapezeka kudzera mu kafukufuku wapakhomo ndi wakunja ndi ziwonetsero zoyesa.Zofunikira zingapo zaukadaulo ndi njira zoyesera zimaperekedwa koyamba kunyumba ndi kunja.M'zaka zaposachedwa, ufulu wodziyimira pawokha wazamaluntha walimbikitsa kuwongolera mwachangu kwa magalimoto ozimitsa moto akudziko langa ndikupititsa patsogolo ntchito zakunja.
Mayeso otsimikizira magwiridwe antchito a hydraulic amtundu wamoto wamoto
Yesani kutsimikizira kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika pagalimoto yamoto yokwera
Kutsimikizira Kukhazikika kwa Loli Yoyimitsa Moto
Mndandanda wa magalimoto oyaka moto a GB 7956 sikuti ndiwo maziko aukadaulo okhawo opezera msika komanso kuyang'anira bwino magalimoto oyaka moto, komanso luso laukadaulo la kapangidwe kazinthu ndi kupanga opanga magalimoto oyaka moto.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imaperekanso zogula, kuvomereza, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza magalimoto oyaka moto kwa magulu opulumutsa moto.Amapereka chitsimikizo chodalirika chaukadaulo.Kuphatikiza pa kukhazikitsidwa kwathunthu ndi mabizinesi, mabungwe oyendera ndi ziphaso m'maiko osiyanasiyana, miyeso yotsatizanayi idamasuliridwanso m'matembenuzidwe a Chingerezi ndi Chijeremani ndi opanga magalimoto oyaka moto akunja ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi European and American certification and test.Kutulutsidwa kwa mndandanda wa miyezo ya GB 7956 kumagwiritsa ntchito malamulo ogwira mtima ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kupita patsogolo kwa makampani oyendetsa magalimoto oyaka moto, kufulumizitsa kupuma pantchito ndi kuthetsa matekinoloje ndi zinthu zakale, ndipo wathandizira kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto omenyera moto mdziko langa komanso kupanga zida zamagulu opulumutsira moto.Ngakhale kuti linkathandiza kwambiri kuteteza miyoyo ndi katundu wa anthu, linalimbikitsanso malonda a mayiko osiyanasiyana ndiponso kusinthanitsa katundu wa magalimoto ozimitsa moto padziko lonse, zomwe zinabweretsa phindu lalikulu kwa anthu ndi zachuma.Chifukwa chake, mndandanda wamiyezo udapambana mphotho yachitatu ya 2020 China Standard Innovation Contribution Award.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-11-2021